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Onondaga Leaders and Icons: The Top 10 Notable Personalities

The Onondaga are one of the six Native American nations comprising the Haudenosaunee Confederacy, also known as the Iroquois Confederacy. They are originally from upstate New York and have a rich cultural heritage. Throughout history, there have been several notable Onondaga individuals who have made significant contributions in various fields. Here are 10 of the most popular celebrities and notable people from the Onondaga ethnicity:

  • Tadodaho Sid Hill – He served as the Tadadaho, the spiritual leader and head of the Haudenosaunee Confederacy, from 1995 until his passing in 2021. Hill was a respected elder and activist who dedicated his life to preserving and promoting Onondaga culture and traditions.
  • Joseph Brant – Thayendanegea, known as Joseph Brant, was a prominent Mohawk chief who fought in the American Revolutionary War. Alongside his military prowess, he also worked as an interpreter, diplomat, and advocate for the rights of Native American tribes.
  • Elias Johnson – Johnson was an Onondaga chief and historian who played a crucial role in the early documentation of Haudenosaunee oral history, culture, and traditions. His work was instrumental in preserving the knowledge and heritage of the Onondaga people.
  • Melissa George – Born in Perth, Australia, Melissa George has Onondaga ancestry through her Indigenous Australian mother. She is a talented actress known for her roles in TV shows like “Grey’s Anatomy” and “Alias,” as well as films like “30 Days of Night” and “Mulholland Drive.”
  • Oren Lyons – Lyons, a prominent Onondaga artist, poet, and activist, has been a tireless advocate for Indigenous rights and environmental conservation. He has served as the Faithkeeper of the Turtle Clan and has addressed numerous international forums on native rights and environmental issues.
  • Sonny Skyhawk – Born as William Skyhawk, Sonny Skyhawk is an actor, activist, and founder of American Indians in Film and Television. He has appeared in films like “Apocalypse Now” and “Walker, Texas Ranger,” and worked as a consultant on movies to ensure respectful portrayal of Native American cultures.
  • Philip Arnold – Arnold was an Onondaga businessman and entrepreneur who gained global recognition in the late 1800s for his role in the infamous “diamond hoax.” Despite controversy surrounding the hoax, Arnold played a significant part in early American history.
  • Jenny McNulty – McNulty is a comedian and actress of Onondaga descent. Known for her energetic and witty performances, she has been entertaining audiences with her stand-up comedy for over 20 years, appearing in comedy clubs and festivals across the United States.
  • Norman and Vernon Yellowbird – The Yellowbird brothers are Onondaga artists known for their stunning beadwork and intricate woodworking. Their artwork reflects the rich traditions and cultural heritage of the Onondaga people.
  • George Hill – Hill is a professional basketball player who hails from the Onondaga Nation. He has had a successful career in the NBA, playing for teams like the Indiana Pacers, Utah Jazz, and Milwaukee Bucks. Hill has represented the Onondaga Nation and his Native American heritage throughout his basketball journey.
The Iroquois ( IRR-ə-kwoy or  IRR-ə-kwah), also known as the Five Nations or the Six Nations and by the endonym Haudenosaunee ( HOH-din-oh-SHOH-nee; meaning "people who are building the longhouse"), are an Iroquoian-speaking confederacy of Native Americans and First Nations peoples in northeast North America and Upstate New York. They were known during the colonial years to the French as the "Iroquois League", and later as the "Iroquois Confederacy". The English called them the "Five Nations", including (east to west) the Mohawk, Oneida, Onondaga, Cayuga, and Seneca. After 1722, the Iroquoian-speaking Tuscarora from the southeast were accepted into the confederacy, which became known as the Six Nations.
The Confederacy likely came about between the years 1450 CE and 1660 CE as a result of the Great Law of Peace, said to have been composed by Deganawidah the Great Peacemaker, Hiawatha, and Jigonsaseh the Mother of Nations. For nearly 200 years, the Six Nations/Haudenosaunee Confederacy were a powerful factor in North American colonial policy, with some scholars arguing for the concept of the Middle Ground, in that European powers were used by the Iroquois just as much as Europeans used them. At its peak around 1700, Iroquois power extended from what is today New York State, north into present-day Ontario and Quebec along the lower Great Lakes–upper St. Lawrence, and south on both sides of the Allegheny mountains into present-day Virginia and Kentucky and into the Ohio Valley.
The St. Lawrence Iroquoians, Wendat (Huron), Erie, and Susquehannock, all independent peoples known to the European colonists, also spoke Iroquoian languages. They are considered Iroquoian in a larger cultural sense, all being descended from the Proto-Iroquoian people and language. Historically, however, they were competitors and enemies of the Iroquois Confederacy nations.In 2010, more than 45,000 enrolled Six Nations people lived in Canada, and over 81,000 in the United States.

Most Famous Onondaga People

Onondaga’s Three Pinnacle Historical Inheritances

The Onondaga community is a Native American tribe with a rich and fascinating history. They are one of the six nations of the Iroquois Confederacy, also known as the Haudenosaunee or the Six Nations. The Onondaga people have lived in what is now present-day New York for centuries and have made significant contributions to the history and culture of the region. Here, we explore three of the most well-known historical inheritances associated with the Onondaga heritage.

  • The Great Law of Peace
  • The Hiawatha Belt
  • The Great Council Fire

The Great Law of Peace is a governing system created by the Onondaga people that provided the framework for the formation of the Iroquois Confederacy. It is a set of cultural principles and guidelines that promotes peace, unity, and the democratic process. The Great Law of Peace is considered one of the world’s oldest constitutions and has served as an inspiration for many modern-day governments.

The Hiawatha Belt is a symbol of the unity and strength of the Onondaga and the other five nations of the Iroquois Confederacy. It is a wampum belt made from carefully woven beads that depict complex symbols representing the nations and their relationships. The Hiawatha Belt is a physical representation of the treaty and alliance formed between the nations, and it continues to be a significant symbol of unity and diplomacy.

The Great Council Fire is a tradition that dates back to the Onondaga’s early history. It is a sacred fire that has been continuously burning for centuries and serves as the center of the Onondaga nation. The fire represents the spiritual and political power of the Onondaga people and is central to their ceremonies, meetings, and governance. The Great Council Fire is a symbol of continuity, strength, and the ongoing presence of the Onondaga community.

The Onondaga community has a rich and vibrant history that is deeply connected to the land they have inhabited for centuries. The Great Law of Peace, the Hiawatha Belt, and the Great Council Fire are just a few examples of the significant historical inheritances associated with the Onondaga heritage. These inheritances continue to shape the Onondaga community’s identity and serve as a reminder of their enduring cultural and spiritual traditions.

Ethnic Factsheet: The Onondaga People

Ethnic Group Population % of Total Population
Onondaga 3,956 0.56%
The Onondaga people (Onontaerrhonon, Onondaga: Onoñda’gegá’’, "People of the Hills") are one of the five original nations of the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois) Confederacy in the Northeastern Woodlands. Their historical homelands are in and around present-day Onondaga County, New York, south of Lake Ontario. 
Being centrally located, they are considered the "Keepers of the Fire" (Kayečisnakwe’nì·yu in Tuscarora) in the figurative longhouse that shelters the Five Nations. The Cayuga and Seneca have territory to their west and the Oneida and Mohawk to their east. For this reason, the League of the Iroquois historically met at the Iroquois government's capital at Onondaga, as the traditional chiefs do today.
In the United States, the home of the Onondaga Nation is the Onondaga Reservation. Onondaga people also live near Brantford, Ontario on Six Nations territory. This reserve used to be Haudenosaunee hunting grounds, but much of the Confederacy relocated there as a result of the American Revolution. Although the British promised the security of Haudenosaunee homelands, the 1783 treaty of Paris ceded the territory over to the United States.

The Ancient Heritage of Onondaga Ethnic Groups

Onondaga Ethnicity: References and Resources

The Onondaga are one of the six Native American nations that make up the Iroquois Confederacy, also known as the Haudenosaunee. They reside in what is now known as central New York State, specifically in and around Onondaga County. The Onondaga have a rich cultural heritage, and there are several resources available to learn more about their history, traditions, and way of life.

Here are some references and resources to dig deeper into the Onondaga ethnic group:

  • Onondaga Nation – The official website of the Onondaga Nation provides information about their government, history, culture, and current initiatives. It is a valuable resource for learning about the Onondaga people and engaging with their community. Visit their website: https://www.onondaganation.org/
  • “The Onondaga Nation” by Douglas M. George-Kanentiio – This book offers an in-depth exploration of the history, culture, and contemporary issues faced by the Onondaga people. It provides insights into their governance structure, spiritual practices, and relationship with the natural world. Goodreads link
  • “The Haudenosaunee: An Introduction to the Six Nations Confederacy” by Christopher Vecsey – This comprehensive book provides an introduction to the six nations of the Iroquois Confederacy, including the Onondaga. It delves into their history, social organization, spirituality, and contemporary challenges. Goodreads link
  • Skä•noñh—Great Law of Peace Center – Located in Liverpool, New York, this cultural center focuses on the teachings of the Haudenosaunee and strives to educate visitors about their culture, history, and contributions. It offers exhibits, workshops, and events to promote understanding and respect for the Onondaga Nation and the Iroquois Confederacy. Visit their website: https://www.skanonhcenter.org/
  • “Members of the Longhouse: Onondaga in the 20th Century” by Joan Adams – This book explores the history and experiences of the Onondaga people during the 20th century. It highlights their adaptation to changing times while preserving their cultural identity. Goodreads link

These resources provide valuable insights into the history, culture, and contemporary life of the Onondaga ethnic group. They offer opportunities to learn about their traditions, governance, and contributions to society. Exploring these references will help deepen understanding and appreciation for the Onondaga people and their enduring legacy.

Explore other famous people with Anglo-Canadians, Iatmul and Kamentsa roots, showcasing the diversity of ethnic backgrounds. Delving into the lives of notable figures from various ethnic backgrounds associated with these Onondaga roots reveals the intricate web of connections between global cultures and their significant contributions to the world.

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